Flying-machine.



R. G. DRESSLER.

FLYING MACHINE. APPLIOATIION FILED MAR.25,1909.

Patented July 22, 1913.

,2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

WITNESSES ATTORNEYS R. G. DRESSLER FLYING MACHINE APPLICATION TILED MAR.25,1909.

Patented July 22, 1913.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

IN YE N TOR WITNESSES I I BY ATTO RN E Y8 lessens FMAJQLZH GE FIBRE, N. "Z.

messes.

{Specification of Letters Patent. Patemtgdl J r3137 22, 15913 Application ill ed Ifiereh 25, 39 2). Serial lilo. (35,589.

To all whom may concern:

Be it known that I, Renown Dnnseuin, a citizen of the United States, and e resident of the city of blew York, Coney li lond, borough of Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented a new and Improved Flying-Machine, of which the following is'a full, clear, and exact'description.

This invention relates to flying machines, and is of a type adapted to soar in a breeze and also adopted to raise itself by the flapping of wing members.

An object of the invention is to provide means whereby it can be started from the ground or from on elevated point such as a suspended trnclrway.

Another object of the invention is to pro vide means to assist in oscillating the wings.

A still further object 01" the invention is to provide improved steering means.

These and other objects will be more full y described hereinafter and particularly pointed out in the claims.

Reference is is be had to the accompanying drawings forming a port of this specification, in which similar characters of ref:- ercnce indicate corresponding ports in all the views, and in Which- Figure 1 is u perspective view of my device; Fig. 2 is an end elevation; Fig. 3 is an enlarged perspective view, showing the scoring planes in detail; and Fig. 4 is an ed e view of the soaring planes.

'teferring more particularly to the sepurnte parts of the device, 1 indicates the base frame of the machine, which is composed of longitudinal members 2 and cross bars 3. Extending between the longitudinal members 2 are cross bars e, which support :1 platform 5. The platform serves as a stand on which the navigator or" the flying machine is supported.

Gin the outer extremity of the cross bars 3 are suitably journsled rollers 6, which are adopted to support the frame on the ground, so that it may be moved from place to place or pulled rapidly over the ground, in order to start the machine.

Extending from the ends of the frame 1 are upright supporting members 7, which may be of any suitable light material, such as bamboo or hollow steel. intermediate the airs of uprights T are pieced uprights 8, vriich are or? similar see :o the uprights 7 and extend somew higher end wing, this bending being are converged toward each other, as at 9, to form as'uitcble support for a shaft 10, on which is rotatably mounted a. starting roller or pulley 11. This roller 11 is for the purpose of suspending the whole fiyin mac inc and frame from a suitable tract when it is desired-to start the device from an elevated position.

Extending longitudinally of the device and alongside of the uprights 7 and 8 are longitudinal bars 12, which are connected together by means of tie-bars 13 and serve us pivots for wings 14, which extend on opposite sides of the frame. Extending longitudinully of the wings 1e are lon itudinsl bars 15, which serve as supports tor borrshepcd cross bars 17. The latter extend at suitable intervals throughout the length of the Wings and are adapted to support the covered surface of the wings, which may be of any suitnble materiel, such as oiled silk or the'like, and are also adopted to support soaring planes 18 attached to the outer half of the wings. The socrin planes ore of peculiar structure, in that t ey are substantially ri id for threeuarters of their length, and for the remaining quarter are fiexi 1e, so that they may be bent up and down above and below the plane of the accomplished by the action of the wing oscillating up and down through the air, and the direction of the bending of these soaring planes will be just the reverse of the direction in which the wings are oscillated; that is to say, when the Wing is sweeping downward, the rear quarter of the soaring plane will be bent up by the force of the air rushing againstits under surface. The scoring planes are connected to the cross bars 17 by means of flexible cords or chains 16 which are secured to the soaring plane at about the beginning of its flexible portion. The wings 14 have a slight slope or grade to the rear, of about 2%. This enables the wings to exert a lifting action to the whole frame when a breeze of ten miles or over comes against their under surface. At the some time, the rear edges of the soaring planes will be bent up by this breeze and will exert e forward push on the machine.

Connected to the under side of the Wings and to the longitudinal bars 15 are connecting links 19 are sued to it suitable combined hundund-foot operating lever 20, which is which converge together and Li a.)

adapted to heengeged by the operator, who

stends'on the platform 5, to oscillate the wings'up and down. The operator is as- Jsisted in this oscillation on the downward spaced'apart, and have projecting directly overthe space between them an aeroplane 01 5811 porting plane 22, which 18 connected tosn supported by the sprig ts 7 8.

p This plene22 has a rearward slope similar to the' slope of the wings i l, but of a slightly 1 greater degree, so that the wings and the plane converge toward each other. 'lhe direction of the plane 22 is similar to that of the wings, in that the outer ends oi the plane hove socrm planes 23 similsr to these described on t swings which. are else adepted to have both is ii'ting and it forward propelling action The scoring planes 23 extend for over two-thirds of the width oi the aeronlone, end are supported at their ends by longitudincl bars 24.. These soarlog ploncs, similar to the scoring planes on the wings, are connected to the cross bar by means of s flexible connecting cord 0 chain 25.

'she two rear npright su ports 7 are connected about midwn of t eir height hy a cross bar 26, which lies at hcering 27 there in, in which is rotctehly supported e shaft 28, which is. also supported at some distence away from the frame by s bearing 29 connected to the uprights 7 and the frame 1 by means of an auxiliary frsinc, which is composed of the converging brace rods 30.

On the outer end oi the shniit 28 and seoured thereto is a steering menus, which consists of horizontal triangular planes 31, the side edgesof which converge toward each other and to the under surface oi. which is secured s verticnl trisngrulor plene the edge of which also slopes toward the converging point. of the other srienggnler planes. Connected to the other end of the shaft 28 is a suitable steering hone-wheel which is adopted to manipulate the 31 end 32, so as to direct the flight of the incchinc.

In the operation of the device, ii" there is no wind blowing and it is desired to start the machine from an elevation, it is suspended by means of the roller 11, from an inclined trackwcyeml allowed to run down until a. suflicient momentum has been obtained by the machine to create e lifting force on the surfaces of the wings and en porting plane 22. When the machine tends to fall after leaving the supporting rail, the rem: ends of the soaring. plenes are hcnt up, and the air, being compressed beneath them, tends to force them :Eorwsrd, and shes :lerces the whole flying; machine forward, opcrstor who steeds on. the pls-tzi'erm 5, may

messes add any force necessary to keep the dying machine in flight by means of t e combined hand-und-foot lever 20, which is adapted to reciprocate the wings'l, he being aided in the downward stroke by the springs 21, the weight of the machine itself being-sufiicient to return the wings to their upper position.

if thereis suficient wind blowing, it is not necessary to start the machine from an elevsted point but it may be started from the ground. Tie wind blowing against the inclined surfaces of the wings and lane 22 exerts a. lifting force thereon, and t ms lifts the whole machine from the ground. The operstor may also aid in this case by flapping the win s. In the downward stroke of the wings, t e rear ends of the soaring planes are bent u ward, and the air is compressed under t iis flexible portion and serves to create an 11 word force thereon, tending to force the p ones in a forward direction and thus force the whole machine forward. 0n the lip-stroke of the wings, the flexible rear ends of the soaring planes are bent downward, and again the pressure of air tends to force the lanes forward in a manner similar to that tained in the downward stroke of the wings. If the air, either when the machine is traveling forward or when the wind is traveling against the ma.- chinc, comes against the inclined surfaces of the wings and aeroplane, it tends tobe compressed until it comes under a flexible portion of the soaring planes, where it creates the forward repulsion, as described above.

Any suitsb a motor means may be substituted for the combined hand-and-foot lever 20 to operate the wings, thus leaving the operetors hands free to start. the motor and manipulate the steering plane.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Pctent:--

1. .l'n a lying machine, the combination with an upright frame, of oscillating wings 'aivotod to the sides of the frame, said wings hcing spaced spent and having flexible planes thereon which ore adapted to oscillate simultaneously in o direction opposite to that in which the wings oscillate.

2. En a, flying machine, the combination with a vertical supporting frame, of inclined wings pivoted to the sides of said frame, and on 1110 need aeroplane fixed to said frame,

said wings and said aeroplane having sour- 1 mg planes, part of the surfaces of which are ads ted to oscillate in a. direction opposite to t c direction in which the wings and aeroplane move.

3. In a flying machine, the combination with sverticnl supportin frame, of inclined wings pivoted to the sides of said frame, sand wings being spaced apart, and inclincd, aeroplane fixed to-ssid frame and sitnoted shove the space between said wings,

ing planes, part of'the surfaces 01% whichare edapted' to oscillate simultaneouslyin'a directlon op osite to'the direction in whic the Wings an planes'ere moving.

4. in a flying machine, the combination with a verticalsupporting frame, of wings pivoted tosaids frame, steering means comprising a horizontal plane and alveriical] plane extending whollyhelow the surface of the horizontal plane. l i 5. In a flying machine, the combination with a'verticalsupporting frame, of wings pivotedto said frame, and steering means comprising a horizontal triangular plane, and a vertical triangular plane extending wholly below the surface of the horizontal plane. I a

6. In a flying machine, the combination with a vertical supporting frame of supporting planes for said frame, an stcerin means comprising a triangular plane an another triangular plane extending at an angle to the first-triangular plane on one side thereof.

7. ln a flying machine, the combination with an upright supporting frame, 01" supporting planes carried by said frame, an

auxiliary frame connected to said first-mentioned frame, a shaft pivoted in hearings on said frame, a plurality of planes having converging side edges secured to one end of said shaft, and a hand wheel secured to the other end of said shaft.

8. In a flying machine, the combination with a frame, of wings secured to said frame, and an aeroplane secured to said frame, said wings and said aeroplane sloping downward toward the rear and the slope of said aeroplane being slightly greater than that of the wings.

9. In a flying machine, the combination with a frame, oi sloping wings supported on said frame and a sloping aeroplane for said frame, said wings and said aeroplane convex-gin toward each other.

10. n a flying machine the combination with a vertical supporting rrame, rollers con nected to the base of said frame a supporting roller connected to the top or said frame noeaess and adapted to support said frame from an inclined track, wings pivoted to the opposite sides of said frame and being spaced apart, soaring planes on said wings, having part or their surIaces flexible; an aeroplane situated above thespace between said wings and connected to the frame, soaring planes on said aeroplane, said soaring planes havging flexible portions adapted to oscillate to positions on opposite sides of said aeroplane, and steering means connected to said frame com rising triangular planes, the side edges of w ichconverge toward each other.

11. In a living machine, a frame com risin longitudinal members and cross ars, ro lers connected to said cross bars and adapted to sup ort said frame, verticallyextending uprig ts connected to the ends of said frame, intermediate uprights extending from said frame, said intermediate uprights converging toward each other at the top, a roller rotatably supported in said convergin uprights, arched wings pivoted to each sins of said uprights, cross bars on said Wings, soaring planes secured to said cross bars and having a portion of their surfaces flexible so that they may oscillate up and down above and below the plane of the wings, connecting links secured to the under side of said wings, a lever connected to said links and adapted to o crate said wings, a spring secured to the si e of said converging upri its and ads. ted to assist in a down ward stroke of sai wings, an aeroplane situated ubove'said wings and $10 mg downwardly toward the rear, fiexi 1e soaring planes on said aeroplane, an auxiliary frame connected to the u right supports, a shaft rotatably supported in said auxiliary plane, triangular planes, having their edges converging toward each other, secured to said sgagt, and a hand-wheel for operating said is a t.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

RUDOLPH G. DRESSLER.

Witnesses Hosarro Wnrrmo, JOHN P. DAVIS.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for live cents each, by addressing the Commissioner 0! Eatents, "Washington, D. 0. 

